To add a placeholder to a <select> element in HTML, you can use the <option> element as the placeholder and give it the disabled and selected attributes. Here is an example:
<select>
<option disabled selected>Select an option</option>
<option value="op1">Option 1</option>
<option value="op2">Option 2</option>
<option value="op3">Option 3</option>
</select>
This prevents the user from selecting this option from the dropdown menu and instead creates a select> element with the placeholder "Select an option." The placeholder will appear in the dropdown menu when the user clicks the select> element, but it won't be selectable. The placeholder will be changed to the selected option whenever the user chooses one of the other choices.